Apollo 17

The American Space Agency Nasa has launched its most powerful ever rocket from Cape Canaveral in Florida.

The 100m-tall Artemis vehicle climbed skyward in a stupendous mix of light and sound.

Its objective was to hurl an astronaut capsule in the direction of the Moon.

This spacecraft, known as Orion, is uncrewed for this particular flight, but if everything works as it should, people will climb aboard for future missions that go to the lunar surface.

Wednesday's flight followed two previous launch attempts in August and September that were aborted during The Countdown because of technical glitches.

But such issues were overcome on this occasion, and the Space Launch System, as The Rocket is often called, was given the " go" to begin its ascent from the Kennedy Space Center at 01:47 local time (06:47 GMT).

" That's the biggest flame I've ever seen. It's The Most acoustical shockwave that I have ever experienced, " commented Nasa Administrator Bill Nelson after watching the night-time lift-off.

The Rocket had A Number of important manoeuvres to perform high above The Planet to get the Orion capsule on The Right path to the Moon.

The Ship will now rely on its European propulsion module to shepherd it safely on the rest of The Mission .

" And there'll be some critical manoeuvres from our service module, too, as we fine tune the direction of flight of Orion, " Dr David Parker , the European Space Agency 's director of Human Spaceflight , told Bbc News .

" One of the really exciting moments will come when we do the orbit insertion into this very interesting path around the Moon, going far beyond the Moon for the First Time . "

December will see Nasa celebrate the 50th anniversary of Apollo 17 , the very last time humans walked on the Moon.

The Space Agency is calling its new programme Artemis (Apollo's twin sister in Greek Mythology ).

It's planning a series of ever more complex missions over The Next decade that should result in a more sustained presence at Earth's satellite, with The Presence of surface habitats and the use of rovers, together with a mini space station In Orbit around the Moon.

Analysis by Rebecca Morelle , Bbc News Science Editor

In 1972, Apollo astronaut Gene Cernan left The Last set of footprints on the Moon. As he departed from the lunar surface, He Said he believed it wouldn't be long before we returned. It's been 50 Years . But today, the Moon is Within Reach for humanity Once Again .

With a roar of its mighty engines, Nasa's new rocket has lifted us into a new era for Human Spaceflight .

Nasa's astronauts watched on - if this mission is a success, next time they will be onboard, first flying around the Moon, And Then landing on it.

But we're not there yet. The Orion spacecraft may be on its way, but it has More Than A Million miles Of Travel ahead. It has to reach the Moon, orbit around it, And Then Return Home . Nasa has to show this system is safe before any astronauts can be strapped in for The Ride .

Orion is being sent on a 26-day excursion that will take it into what's called a distant retrograde orbit at the Moon.

At its closest, The Capsule will be a mere 100km from the lunar surface; at its most distant, Orion will be up to 70,000km (45,000 miles). This will be the furthest from Earth any human-rated spacecraft has ever ventured.

The Capsule is due back on Earth on 11 December - About three and a half weeks from now.

That's when one of The Key events in the whole mission occurs.

Engineers are most concerned to learn that Orion's heatshield will cope with the extreme temperatures it will encounter on re-entry to Our Planet 's atmosphere.

The Capsule will be Coming In very Fast - at 38,000km/h (24,000mph), or 32 times the speed of sound.

A shield on its underside must cope with temperatures approaching 3,000C.

Source of news: bbc.com