Horse
| Use attributes for filter ! | |
| Lifespan | 25 – 30 years |
|---|---|
| Speed | 71 km/h |
| Mass | 380 – 1,000 kg (Adult) |
| Family | Equidae |
| Gestation period | 11 – 12 months |
| Did you know | Horses with only one copies of the gene are known as carriers. |
| Breeds | Mustang |
| Term for young | Wikimedia Foundation |
| Scientific name | Equus caballus |
| Class | Mammalia |
| Domain | Eukaryota |
| Date of Reg. | |
| Date of Upd. | |
| ID | 972779 |
About Horse
The horse is a domesticated, one-toed, hoofed mammal. It belongs to the taxonomic family Equidae and is one of two extant subspecies of Equus ferus. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, Eohippus, into the large, single-toed animal of today.
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The procession in fullMounted Metropolitan Police • Royal Canadian Mounted Police • Bands of The Rifles and Brigade of Gurkhas • Representatives of the George Cross from Malta, the Royal Ulster Constabulary and the UK National Health Service Representative detachments of Commonwealth forces: Territorial Air Force of New Zealand • Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment • The Corps of Royal New Zealand Engineers • Royal New Zealand Armoured Corps • Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery • Royal New Zealand Navy • Royal Australian Air Force Reserve • Royal Australian Army Nursing Corps • Royal Australian Army Ordnance Corps • Royal Australian Infantry Corps • Royal Australian Engineers • Royal Regiment of Australian Artillery • Royal Australian Navy • The Canadian Armed Forces Legal Branch • The Royal Canadian Air Force (Reserve) • The Calgary Highlanders • The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada • The 48th Highlanders of Canada • The North Shore (New Brunswick) Regiment • The Royal New Brunswick Regiment • Le Regiment de Ia Chaudière • The Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders (Princess Louise s) • The Canadian Grenadier Guards • Governor General s Foot Guards • Royal 22e Regiment • The King s Own Calgary Regiment (RCAC) The Governor General s Horse Guards • The Royal Canadian Engineers • The Canadian Armed Forces Military Engineering Branch • The Royal Regiment of Canadian ArtilleryRepresentatives of the Royal Air Force: 603 (City of Edinburgh) Squadron Royal Auxiliary Air Force • Royal Auxiliary Air Force • Royal Air Force Marham • The Combined Bands of the Royal Air Force • Royal Air Force College, Cranwell • Royal Air Force RegimentRepresentatives of the Army: The Honourable Artillery Company • Adjutant General s Corps • British Army Bands Sandhurst and Colchester • The Queen s Gurkha Engineers • The Royal Welsh • The Duke of Lancaster s Regiment • The Royal Regiment of Scotland • Welsh Guards • Irish Guards • Scots Guards • Coldstream Guards • Grenadier Guards • Bands of the Irish Guards and Welsh Guards • Corps of Royal Engineers • Royal Regiment of Artillery • Royal Tank Regiment • The Royal Lancers • The Royal Scots Dragoon Guards (Carabiniers and Greys)Representatives of the Royal Navy: Royal Navy • Royal Marines • The Combined Bands of the Royal MarinesDefence advisers and staff of Her Majesty s realms: Jamaica • New Zealand • Australia • CanadaRepresentative colonels of Commonwealth forces of which Her Majesty was Colonel-in-ChiefChaplains of the armed forces: Principal Church of Scotland & Free Church Chaplain Royal Air Force • Principal Roman Catholic Chaplain Royal Air Force • Chaplain-in-Chief Royal Air Force • Deputy Chaplain General (Army) • Principal Roman Catholic Chaplain (Army) • Chaplain General (Army) • Principal Church of Scotland and Free Churches Chaplain (Royal Navy) • Principal Roman Catholic Chaplain (Royal Navy) • Chaplain of the FleetRepresentatives of forces of which the Queen was air commodore-in-chief • Representative Colonels Commandant, Colonels and Honorary Colonels of Her Majesty s Regiments and Corps • Commandant General, Royal Marines • Representatives of Her Majesty s ships • Commander Strategic Command • Vice Chief of the Defence Staff • Chief of the Air Staff • Chief of the General Staff • Chief of the Naval Staff • Chief of the Defence Staff • Drum Horse and State Trumpeter • 1st Division of the Sovereign s Escort • ADC to the Major General Commanding the Household Division • Brigade Major Household Division • Major General Commanding the Household Division • Combined Bands of the Scots Guards and Coldstream Guards Pursuivants and Heralds of Arms of Scotland: March • Linlithgow • Ormond • Rothesay • Falkland • Unicorn • Carrick • Marchmont Pursuivants and Heralds of Arms of England: Portcullis • Rouge Dragon • Norfolk • Windsor • York • Bluemantle • Wales • Maltravers • Chester • RichmondKings of Arms: Norroy and Ulster King of Arms • Lord Lyon King of Arms • Clarenceux King of Arms • Lady Usher of the Black Rod • Garter King of ArmsThe Earl Marshal • Bands of the Scots Guards and Coldstream Guards • Captain, the King s Body Guard of the Yeoman of the Guard • Captain general, the King s Body Guard for Scotland (Royal Company of Archers) (Gold Stick for Scotland) • Captain, His Majesty s Body Guard of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms Royal Household; Vice Chamberlain of the Household • Comptroller of the Household • Treasurer of the Household • Queen s Gurkha Orderly Officer (x2) • Royal Waterman (x2) • Director of the Royal Collection • Comptroller Lord Chamberlain s Office • Master of the Household • Keeper of the Privy Purse • Private secretary to the Queen • Master of the Horse • Lord Steward • Her Majesty s Page (x2) • Her Majesty s Palace StewardBehind the gun carriage: Escort Party of the Household CavalryRoyal Family: The Earl of Wessex and Forfar • The Duke of York • The Princess Royal • The King • Peter Phillips • The Duke of Sussex • The Prince of Wales • Vice Admiral Sir Tim Laurence • The Duke of Gloucester • The Earl of SnowdonRoyal Car 1: The Queen Consort • The Princess of WalesRoyal Car 2: The Duchess of Sussex • The Countess of Wessex and ForfarField officer in Brigade Waiting • Silver Stick in Waiting • Colonel Coldstream Guards • Gold Stick in Waiting • Adjutant in Brigade Waiting • Silver Stick Adjutant • Crown EquerryHousehold of the King: Master of the Household • Equerry • Principal Private Secretary • TreasurerSecond division of the Sovereign s escortRepresentatives of Civilian Services: Merchant Navy • Royal Fleet Auxiliary • The Maritime Coastguard Agency • Police Services • Fire and Rescue Services • His Majesty s Prison Services • Ambulance Service • British Red Cross • St John Ambulance • Royal Voluntary Service • Cadet forcesRear: Mounted Metropolitan PoliceOnce the procession reaches Wellington Arch at Hyde Park Corner, at about 13:00 BST, the coffin will be transferred to the new State Hearse for its final journey to Windsor Castle...
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Extinction: Why scientists are freezing threatened species in 'biobanks'
" He's gone, " murmurs Chester Zoo vet Gabby Drake - holding a stethoscope to the feathered chest of a 28-year-old, bright red tropical parrot.
The Bird is a chattering lory - an elderly resident at Chester Zoo , and a Species listed by The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as vulnerable to extinction.
It is sad to see this striking, characterful bird having to be put to sleep. His small, clawed feet Are gnarled with arthritis now too severe to treat.
It is not The End though for the unique genetic code contained in his cells. A few small pieces of his body will join samples taken from 100 Species . They will be Frozen - stored indefinitely - in the UK's largest biobank of living tissue,
In vials of a nutrient-rich, cell-friendly antifreeze, The Samples Are kept at -196C, at which point all The Natural chemical processes in cells Stop - They Are suspended in animation.
The idea is that, at some point in The Future - in decades, perhaps even centuries, They could be resurrected. This is a Frozen backstop in case of extinction.
Life Begins againConservationists say we're now losing Species faster than ever. Amid a biodiversity crisis that, the UN estimates, threatens one million Species of plants and animals with extinction, some scientists Are now working out what to put in the freezer for The Future .
" It's not going to Stop extinction, but it'll certainly help, " says Tullis Matson, founder of Nature's Safe.
Tullis is a tall, friendly and outspoken enthusiast for his charity's Mission - preserving living tissue from Wild Animals .
" This is where Life Begins again, " he beams, showing me an image of a vial of cheetah skin cells under the microscope.
The Monitor is teeming with densely packed skin cells - a body's building blocks. The Black dot in The Middle of each spiky, connected cell is a nucleus containing a unique set of genetic instructions that made, in this case, a now deceased cheetah.
" This animal died in 2019, " Tullis explains. " We woke up those cells a few days Ago - and you can see now, They 're all over the screen. They 've multiplied and multiplied. "
Skin cells Are very good for this endeavour, particularly a type of connective tissue cell called a fibroblast. These Are critical to healing and repair and - After being removed from the freezer and warmed to body temperature in a bath of necessary nutrients - will divide and multiply beautifully in a dish.
One of the possible Future uses for these cells is cloning new animals, using these defrosted packages of DNA.
Cloning animals is not new. It was 1996 when scientists in Scotland cloned Dolly The Sheep - fusing a cell from one ewe with The Egg of another. It is reproductive technology, born in The Realm of domestic animals and now being channelled into conservation.
US biotechnology company recently produced a Clone using skin cells from an endangered black-footed Ferret that had been dead for decades. Its eggs were Frozen in 1988.
Fusing a Ferret fibroblast with an egg cell made an embryo, and a Clone - Elizabeth Ann The Black -footed Ferret - was born in December of 2020.
They used same basic approach to Clone a Przewalski's Horse - a Species considered The Last living truly " wild" horses at a cost of $60,000 (about £48,000). The Clone , named.
" It was actually cheaper for The Zoo to Clone a Horse - to bring more genetic diversity into The American population of the Species - than it would have been to ship a Horse from a European zoo, " explains Revive and Restore's lead scientist Dr Ben Novak.
What Species should we freeze?Genetic diversity is important. As the population of a Species dwindles, it can lead to inbreeding. In mammals, offspring have a set of genetic instructions from each biological parent. And if those parents Are related, any genetic diseases They have Are much more likely to be passed on.
Banking cells though is not about the cheapest way to resurrect genes, says Dr Novak.
" Conservationists Are fighting to save Species , but we've been unable to save Everything - the destruction is ongoing.
" Getting Out ahead and getting things in The Bank gives us the opportunity in The Future to do restoration, " he says. " If we don't do this, we'll regret it later. "
There could be a danger that biobanking sends The Message that we don't need to worry about saving Species now " because we can freeze them for later, " points out Prof Bill Sutherland , a conservation biologist from the University of Cambridge.
" And there's the issue of prioritising what is stored, " he says. " It would be wonderful to get tissue from 20 snow leopards from 20 different locations, but that would be really difficult. "
Instead, Nature's Safe works closely with zoos in Europe - particularly.
Whenever an animal has to be put to sleep or dies unexpectedly, zoo vets will take some tissue for The Bank .
" It's a ray of light, " says Tullis. " That animal dying actually gives a bit of hope for The Future of that Species , because we can freeze those genetics. "
While banking what is available is not a perfect approach, it has provided Nature's Safe with samples from Species including The Mountain chicken Frog - a critically endangered amphibian almost been wiped out by a fungal disease. And it has tissue from a Javan green magpie, a bird driven to the very brink of extinction by demand from the Wild Bird trade. (The Almost garishly Beautiful Birds have remarkable, and highly sought After mimicry skills).
Head of science at Chester Zoo , Dr Sue Walker says it's about saving as much genetic material as possible. " If we don't do it when that animal passes way, we've just lost it, " she says.
Earlier this year at Chester, Goshi, a nine-year-old female jaguar, was found dead in her enclosure. Vet Gabby Drake carefully snipped off the Big Cat 's left Ear , put it in cold packaging and posted it to Nature's Safe, before sending Goshi for a Post Mortem .
" Jaguars Are not The Most critically endangered Big Cats , but They 're in decline and They 're facing the same human pressures as other big predators, " says Gabby.
" She was quite a young animal and she never had any cubs, unfortunately. It's sad, but it's nice to know that her living tissue will carry on. "
Now, a few pea-sized pieces of Goshi's black, velvety Ear - cleaned, prepared and bathed in a protective nutrient Solution - Are in an increasingly biodiverse canister of liquid nitrogen.
Tullis is optimistic about what science might be possible in The Future . " With gene editing technology, we might even be able to create new genetic diversity, " he speculates.
Looking at the now solo male jaguar patrolling his enclosure, Chester Zoo 's Dr Sue Walker says it might be " decades until we have the technology to do what we want to do with these samples".
Her hope, and The Hope of most conservationists, is that using Frozen cells from long-dead animals will never be necessary.
" But if we don't collect it, then those genetics Are lost forever, " she says. " We've lost All That unique biodiversity. "
Hear more from Victoria 's investigation into biobanking on
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Source of news: bbc.com
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